Inneritance: Scheduling a programme immediately after a popular programme in the hope it will inherit some of its audience for example the cube is on after the X-factor on ITV3.
Pre-echo: Scheduling a programme before a popular programme. The hope is that the audience for the pop programme will tune in early or turn over early before it starts, will catch the end of the new programme which might grab their attention so they will watch the whole programme next time.
Hammocking: Scheduling a programme between two popular programmes so it benefits from both in and pre-echo
Inneritance: makes more sense because the audience is already watching.
Programme always rarely start when they are supposed to (TV magazines), which is done purposely
Channel Loyality: Back in the day’s people would not turn over their TV and would only watch one channel all evening.
ITV1 – was known to be trashy
BBC – was known to be more quality
TV Scheduling
In groups, analyse the TV listings pages of the five terrestrial TV channels, and answer the following:
1. The schedule for each day can be broken down into clear segments. How would you categories these segments?
• Breakfast
• Daytime
• Children’s time
• Peak time
• Post watershed
2. Who are the target audience for these segments?
• Breakfast – Differs according to the channel
• Daytime – Housewives, elderly, unemployed, students
• Peak time – Families – mass audience – most important time of the day
• Post watershed – Adults
3. What would you say are the most popular genres on television?• Soaps – most popular – Eastenders, Hollyoaks…
• Sit-coms – Friends, skins ….
• Reality TV – X-factor, Big brother…
• Game shows – The cube, Deal or no deal…
• Cookery programmes – Ready steady cook…
4. Who is the target audience of each terrestrial channel? Give examples of scheduled programmes to support your views?
• BBC1 – Everyone (license fee)
• ITV1 – Everyone (not as good as BBC1)
• BBC2 – Minority audiences – has become more popular
• FIVE – Everyone/Channel 4 – Publisher broadcaster
• News, children and local news (have to be on the scheduled by law)
5. Roughly, what percentage of each channel’s schedules is taken up with repeats? Why do you think this is?• BBC1 and ITV1 – not much is repeated
• BBC2, FIVE and Channel 4 (don’t make their own) – have a lot of repeats
6. Which channels have more imported programmes in their schedules? Why do you think this might be? BBBC2, Channel 4 and 5 as it is cheaper to import programmes rather than making their own programme.
7. What do you understand by the term “The watershed” and where does this occur in the schedules?
The term “The watershed” means adults only and this occurs mostly from 9 o’clock and onwards.
Brainstorm for contents of documentaryPossible Interviews• Cadbury factory workers
• Vending machine
• Chief executive of Mcvities
• Cake/biscuit sales
• Dentist
• Kids making biscuits
• Shop keeper
Music • “Food glorious food”
• “Cadbury gorilla – In the air tonight – Phil Collins”
• “Willy wonker – Umpaah lumpaa”
• “Celebrate good times”
• “Sweet like chocolate”
• “Cookie Jar”
Archive material• Fox’s advert
• Mcvities advert
• Cadbury’s Gorilla
• Newspaper cuttings
• Biscuit packets
• Magazine contents
• GDA advert
• Still images
• Injuries
• Logan “Pppick up a ppenguin”
Cutaway shots
• Panning across biscuits
• Still images of biscuits
Log sheetThis is our log sheet describing the counter number on the camera; the shot description along with other essential information; the shot length and whether or not it was a good take :
counter number = 00:00 - 05:33; shot description = cut away of party rings and custard creams; shot length = 5 minutes 35 seconds; good take = yes.
counter number = 05:33 - 05:38; shot description = extreme close up of pink wafer; shot length = 5 seconds; good take = no, poor framing.
counter number = 05:38 - 06:42; shot description = extreme close up and slow pan of cookies and custard creams; shot length = 1 minute 4 seconds; good take = yes.
counter number = 06:42 - 07:39; shot description = Pink Day cut aways; shot length = 57 seconds; good take = yes.
counter number = 07:39 - 09:22; shot description = slow pan and cut aways of biscuits; shot length = 1 minute 43 seconds; good take = yes.
counter number = 09:22 - 09:23; shot description = microphone test; shot length = 1 second; good take = N/A.
counter number = 09:23 - 14:46; shot description = Pink Day cake sale; shot length = 5 minutes 23 seconds; good take = yes.
counter number = 14:46 - 14:48; shot description = microphone test; shot length = 2 seconds; good take = N/A.
counter number = 14:48 - 15:28; shot description = vox pop of people stating their favourite biscuits; shot length = 35 seconds; good take = yes.
counter number = 15:28 - 21:30; shot description = microphone test and Pink Day interviews; shot length = 6 minutes 2 seconds; good take = yes.
counter number = 21:30 - 21:32; shot description = cut away of mixing bowl; shot length = 2 seconds; good take = yes.
counter number = 21:32 - 33:27; shot description = microphone test and interview with elderly people including cut aways of them socialising; shot length = 11 minutes 55 seconds; good take = yes.
counter number = 33:27 - 39:27; shot description = microphone test and interview with catering teacher; shot length = 6 minutes 0 seconds; good take = yes.
counter number = 39:27 - 45:28; shot description = slow zooms and pans of props to create opening titles; shot length = 6 minutes 1 second; good take = yes.
counter number = 45:28 - 45:30; shot description = cut away of children baking; shot length = 2 seconds; good take = yes.
We also made some Secondary Research we could use as archive material throughout our documentary:We found the following televison adverts -
KIT KAT 1980
ARNOTT'S ICED VO VO BISCUITS 1960
TRIO BISCUIT ADVERT 1970
ARNOTT'S BISCUITS (SHARING AT CHRISTMAS) 1980
CLUB BISCUIT (WIZARD OF OZ) 1990
FOX'S BISCUIT ADVERT (PANDA) 2008
MCVITIES DIGESTIVE BISCUIT (LEAVING) 2009
CADBURY'S DIGESTIVE ADVERT 2008
World Records found: 20th June 2009 - Madrid, Spain - largest blind-taste test for OREOS cookie. 13th October 2009 - World's largest dog biscuit (Lenitas aged 41, raised money for "Summit Assistance Dogs").
An estimated 25 million adults have been injured while eating biscuits during a tea/coffee break with 500 landing themselves in hospital - Riskyest biscuit was found to be the custard cream. - Telegraph Survey.
QuestionsHome Economics Teacher:
• Why do you think it’s important for the students to make biscuits in the early years of 7 & 8?
• What skills do you think the children gain from making biscuits at such a young age?
• Over the period of time you have been a home economics teacher have you noticed any changes in recipes of biscuits?
• Do you yourself make biscuits at home, if not do you purchase them?
Elderly People:• You socialise daily with a cup of tea and biscuits, why is this so important to you?
• Are their any biscuit slogans, adverts that have stuck in your mind?
• Did you get sent any biscuits when fighting in the War?
• Where biscuits rationed in your lifetime?
• When you worked abroad were there different biscuits?
• What are Ships biscuits, do you know?
Pink Day Charity Representatives:
• What gave you the idea to sell biscuits for charity?
• Did you enjoy selling biscuits for charity and what happened?
• How much did you raise?
• Was the event a success?
We created a formal proposal; we discussed our ideas and agreed on our final plan:
Topic: When it comes to the crunch
Type of Documentary: Mixed (interviews, actuality footage and archive material)
Style of Documentary: informal, informative but entertaining.
Channel and Scheduling: ITV1 at Monday 9th November 8pm (Hammoking in between the two episodes of Coronation Street).
Target Audience: Families
Primary Research needed: Cadbury’s factory, workers, dentistry, dentist, shop keepers, shops, girl scouts, high street, voxpop pedestrians, mcvities CEO and elderly biscuit lovers. Cadbury's factory, Weatherhead High school.
Secondary Research needed: Cadbury’s website, biscuit recipe websites, asda’s website, biscuit statistics – Google, ‘you are what you eat’, super-size v super-skinny documentaries, magazines, newspapers, biscuit packaging/wrappers, GDA adverts, slogans, biscuit adverts (fox’s advert (panda), Cadburys advert, and Jaffa cake advert)
Narrative Structure: Single Strand, Closed, Non-Linear
Outline of Content: We will interview a Home Economis worker, Chocolate Biscuit factory worker, voxpop of peoples favourite biscuit, opinions and debates for example Jaffa Cake debate.
Resource Requirements: Digital Camera, DV tape, Dictaphone,P.C, Tripod, Microphone and Adobe Premier.
We created a Running order for our documentary: this is to give an outline of what will be shown throughout our documentary:
Our Documentary Running Order:
Documentary: When It Comes to the Crunch
Channel: ITV1
Scheduling: Monday November 9th – 8.00 – 8.30pm
Duration: 27 minutes (including advert break)
Voxpop of public telling the audience their favourite biscuits.
15 secs
Opening Titles.
20 secsArchive material of old biscuit adverts and Tesco’s as present. Voiceover introduces topic.
20 secs Slow pans of retired pensioners enjoying tea and biscuits whilst socialising. Music –high key piano.
15 secs
Interview with 3 retired pensioners describing the importance of biscuits to their past and presence.
1 min 30 secsCut away of shot of retired pensioners enjoying tea and biscuits whilst socialising.
5 secsSlow zoom out from a mixing bowl in a classroom. Music – food glorious food. Voiceover explains how children learn to cook biscuits.
10 secsInterview with home economics teacher explaining why they love making biscuits.
Followed by cutaway high angle shot of children making biscuits. Music: Food Glorious Food.
1 minute 20 secs
Montage of newspaper cuttings – biscuits being an issue in the news. Voiceover explains how they have got in the news. Music – sweet like chocolate.
10 secs
Voxpop of public stating their favourite brand of biscuits.
20 secs
Cut away shot of a slow pan extreme close up of a variety of biscuits. Music continues sweet like chocolate.
15 secsInterview with regular biscuit customers explaining what prices they prefer when it comes to purchasing biscuits and where they would usually shop for biscuits.
2 minutes
Slow zoom out of the outside of the shop. Cuts of shop shelves with biscuits. Music: cookie jar.
20 secs
Interview with shopkeeper explaining why they stock biscuits and how popular their varieties of biscuits are. Voiceover states questionnaire statistics of most popular brands and biscuits.
2 minutes
Voxpop of people stating their favourite brands. Music – Eat it.
15 secsInterview with a man who has had an injury due to his love of biscuits.
2 minutesReconstruction of a hospital environment with the injured man due to dunking.
45 secsDunking Test, high angle shots of biscuits being held over cups then dipped into them. In top right hand corner a stopwatch will fade in and time how long it takes for the biscuit to soften and fall into the cup.
30 secs
ADVERT BREAK. 3 minutes
Dunking Test results.
30 secs
Archive material of Peter Kay describing ‘dunking’ in his stand up act.
25 secsInterview with Peter Kay about how biscuits were a part of his child hood routine with a cup of tea.
1min 30 secs
Archive of gingerbread nursery rhyme with song. Voiceover explains significance of the ginger bread man.
15 secsInterview with pensioner explaining how she used to love ginger bread men as a child.
1 minute 10 secs
Cut away of ginger bread men for sale in Sainsbury’s. Music: gingerbread man theme.
5secs Archive material of recipe books, showing biscuit recipes. Voice over is interviewee describing how she follows the recipes with her children.
10 secsInterview with stay-at-home mum who cooks biscuits with her child to create a bond.
1 minute 20 secs
Still shot of people selling biscuits in school for charity.
10 secs
Interview with head of charity organisation describing how much she has raised from selling biscuits for charity.
1 minute 10 secsCut away of charity certificates showing how much has been raised. Interviewee continues talking.
10 secsArchive material of biscuit tins at Christmas time. Music – Christmas bells. Voiceover explains how important purchasing biscuits are at Christmas time as gifts and sharing with families.
30 secs
Interview with lady who has been purchasing biscuits for 15 years for her friends at Christmas time.
1 minute 15 secsMontage of world records set regarding biscuits. Voiceover explains how biscuits are important to the Guiness Book of Records. Music: Gotta Fly Now.
20 secsArchive of Duchy Original biscuit packets.
10 secs
Prince Charles speech regarding Duchy Originals and how biscuits play an important part to the British greeting each other tradition.
30 secs
Archive of Cookie Monster from Sesame Street. Voiceover explains how there is a debate whether cookies have influenced Britain.
15 secsTwo shot of two people debating about how American culture of the ‘cookie’ has influenced Britain’s perception of the ‘biscuit’.
1 minute 20 secsSlow pans of the outside of the Mcvities factory and inside shots. Music – cookie jar.
15 secsInterview with the Chief Executive of Mcvities explaining how he likes his job and the successes of the company. Cut away long shots of the factory production line.
1 minute 20 secs
Archive material of Mcvities biscuit advert.
30 secs
Final interview with 3 ladies aged 65 – 70 remembering the biscuits they used to love and eat and how biscuit consumption has changed to present date.
1 min 10 secs
TOTAL TIME 27 minutes
Story Board
After discussing our title for our documentary we came up with ideas to make it unique. As the story board shows we came up with ideas to which making each individual word different for example "Crunch" is made out of biscuits and eventually gets broken up asif somebody is taking bite's out of each lettering.
